The article analyses the evolving Air Defence System of the Republic of Poland as an integrated ecosystem of forces, assets, command structures and procedures designed to ensure the inviolability of national airspace and to protect the population, the Armed Forces and critical infrastructure from the full spectrum of airborne threats. Polish modernisation efforts are situated within a deteriorating European security environment and in light of recent conflicts – above all the war in Ukraine – which have demonstrated the operational salience of ballistic and cruise missiles, long range stand-off weapons and the mass employment of unmanned systems. Against this background, the article examines the layered architecture of PL ADS, including the Wisła, Narew and Pilica/ Pilica+ programmes, very-short-range systems (Grom, Piorun, Poprad) and an emerging reconnaissance and strike layer based on drones, all integrated through the network-centric Integrated Battle Command System (IBCS) and an expanded radar and radiotechnical component.