The war in Ukraine and its experience of both the use of new technologies (including drones and drone countermeasures) and existing weapons, as well as the scale of ammunition used (including artillery) and missile weapons (including anti-aircraft and antirocket systems), as well as the threat of Russian expansionism and the weakening of the level of perception of the US’s existing commitment to Europe’s security, led the European Union’s authorities to take a number of legislative initiatives to respond to these challenges and experiences. The most recent of these is the ReArm Europe initiative to be renamed shortly after its announcement as Readiness 2030, which assumes a greater centralisation and independence of the EU in making arms purchases by and for Member States. It is assumed that purchases of armament funded by EU must be made in a specific, very high part from components produced in the EU Member States. Actions that exclude or restrict the participation of orders and components of arms from outside the EU, due to the current structure and capabilities of the Polish arms industry and the source of technology transfer to that industry, may constitute a significant risk of further limiting the capabilities of the Polish defence industry and of purchasing in Polish armed forces.